Indima Yamanzi Ekukhiqizweni Kwempuphu Yezitsha Zokuhlanza

I-PASIONHOSE-

Isingeniso:

Ukukhiqizwa kwempuphu yokuhlanza kuyimboni eyinkimbinkimbi ehilela ukusabela okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali. Inqubo yokwenza impuphu yokuhlanza idinga ukusetshenziswa kwezithako ezahlukahlukene njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo, abakhi, izibani zokukhanyisa ezibonakalayo, nama-enzyme, phakathi kwezinye. Amanzi angenye yezithako eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwempuphu yokuhlanza. Lesi sihloko sihlola indima yamanzi ekukhiqizweni kwempuphu yokuhlanza.

Amanzi njenge-Solvent:

Amanzi adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwempuphu yensipho njengesinyibilikisi. Cishe zonke izimpendulo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka ngesikhathi kukhiqizwa impuphu yensipho zidinga amanzi ukuze zincibilikise izithako ezahlukene. Ama-surfactant nabakhi abasetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwempuphu yensipho bavame ukuba impuphu, futhi kumele bancibilikiswe emanzini ukuze bakhe isixazululo esifanayo.

Amanzi asebenza futhi njengesithwali sezinye izithako ezifana nama-enzyme, amakha, kanye nezibani zokukhanya. Lezi zithako zivame ukungezwa ngesimo soketshezi futhi zidinga amanzi njengesithwali ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke i-detergent powder.

Amanzi Njengendlela Yokusabela:

Ngaphezu kokuba yisithako sezithako ezahlukahlukene, amanzi asebenza futhi njengendawo yokusabela ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwensipho. Iningi lemiphumela yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwensipho idinga ukuthi amanzi enzeke. Isibonelo, ukusabela phakathi kwe-sodium hydroxide kanye ne-fatty acid ukwakha i-molecule yensipho kudinga amanzi njengendlela yokusabela.

Ngokufanayo, ukusabela phakathi komakhi kanye ne-surfactant ukwakha i-micelle nakho kudinga amanzi njengendlela yokusabela. Amanzi ahlinzeka ngendawo lapho lokhu kusabela kwamakhemikhali kungenzeka khona futhi aqinisekisa ukuthi kwenzeka kahle.

Amanzi Njenge-Ejenti Yokupholisa:

Ukukhiqizwa kwempuphu yokuhlanza kuhilela izinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza ukushisa. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali njenge-saponification, i-neutralization, kanye ne-esterification kudala ukushisa okuningi, okungabangela ukuba ingxube ibile uma ingalawulwa ngokucophelela. Amanzi asetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokupholisa ukulawula izinga lokushisa phakathi nalezi zinqubo.

Amanzi ajikeleziswa ngesitsha sokuxuba ukuze apholise ingxube futhi ayivimbele ukuthi ibile. Le nqubo yokupholisa iqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokusabela ligcinwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elifunekayo ukuze kusebenze kahle kakhulu.

Amanzi Njenge-Ejenti Yokuhlanza:

Amanzi futhi ayisithako esibalulekile sokuhlanza ekukhiqizweni kwempuphu yensipho. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza idinga imishini eminingi edinga ukuhlanzwa kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcola nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Amanzi asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza amathangi, amapayipi, neminye imishini esetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza.

Ukuhlanza ngamanzi kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinsalela zomkhiqizo wangaphambilini ziyasuswa nokuthi imishini ayinamagciwane ngaphambi kokuba kukhiqizwe inqwaba elandelayo. Le nqubo yokuhlanza ibalulekile ekugcineni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene.

Isiphetho:

Amanzi adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwempuphu yensipho. Ayisinyibilikisi, i-reaction medium, i-cooling agent, kanye ne-cleaning agent. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi bensipho kumele baqinisekise ukuthi amanzi asezingeni elihle futhi aphathwa ukuze kususwe noma yikuphi ukungcola okungathinta ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Njengoba kuqaliswa imithetho eqinile mayelana nokuphuma kwamanzi amdaka kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, abakhiqizi bensipho kuzodingeka bamukele imikhuba yokuphatha amanzi eqhubekayo ezinqubweni zabo zokukhiqiza.