athini amapayipi enjoloba ngaphesheya komgwaqo

Amapayipi Erabha Ngaphesheya Komgwaqo: Isimangaliso Sengqalasizinda Yesimanje

Isingeniso

Lapho ushayela wehla ngomgwaqo, kungenzeka ukuthi uphawule amapayipi enjoloba angajwayelekile athe njo endaweni egandayiwe. Lawa mashubhu amade asebenza injongo ebalulekile nengqalasizinda yethu yesimanje. Okufanayo nomsebenzi womgwaqo namaphrojekthi wokwakha, amapayipi enjoloba angamathuluzi abalulekile asetshenziselwa ukuqoqa idatha, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha, nokugcina ukusebenza kahle kwemigwaqo yethu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, imishini, izindlela zokufaka, kanye nezinzuzo zalawa mapayipi enjoloba, sikhanyise ngokubaluleka kwawo endaweni yezokuthutha nokuthuthukiswa kwedolobha.

I. Okuyisisekelo Kwamapayipi Enjoloba

A. Ukubunjwa Nokuklama

Amapayipi enjoloba asetshenziswa ngaphesheya komgwaqo ngokuvamile enziwa ngamapholymeri erabha ekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukwakheka kwazo kuzivumela ukuthi zimelane nesiminyaminya sezimoto, izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, kanye nokuchayeka njalo ekuhuzukeni. Lawa mapayipi ngokuvamile anombala omnyama futhi aklanywe njengamashubhu angenalutho, ayisilinda anobubanzi obuthile obulungiselelwe injongo yawo.

B. Izilinganiso Ezihlukahlukene

Amapayipi enjoloba yomgwaqo afika ngezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kububanzi obuncane obungango-0.5 amayintshi (1.27 cm) kuya kwamakhulu anobukhulu obufika kumasentimitha angu-7.62. Ukukhethwa kokulinganisa kuncike ezidingweni zephrojekthi kanye nohlobo lwedatha okudingeka iqoqwe.

II. Ukuqapha Izibalo Zethrafikhi

A. Izifundo Zevolumu Yethrafikhi

Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amapayipi enjoloba kuwo wonke umgwaqo ukuqapha umthamo wethrafikhi. Lawa mapayipi abekwe ngendlela efanele eduze kwendlela yokuqoqa imininingwane mayelana nenani lezimoto ezidlula phezu kwawo. Ingcindezi ekhishwa amathayi kumapayipi idala ishayela elilinganisekayo noma ukushintsha komfutho womoya izinzwa ezingaphakathi kwamashubhu ezingawuzwa. Le datha isiza iziphathimandla zezokuthutha ukuthi zihlaziye amaphethini wethrafikhi, zenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokunwetshwa kwemigwaqo, futhi zithuthukise ukuhamba kwethrafikhi.

B. Ukubala kwe-ekseli

Ngaphezu kocwaningo lwevolumu yethrafikhi, amapayipi erabha abalulekile ekubaleni i-asi. Ngokukala inani lama-ekseli adlula engxenyeni ethile yomgwaqo, onjiniyela bangaqonda kangcono ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo sezimoto futhi bahlole isidingo semikhawulo yesisindo emizileni ethile.

III. Ukukala Isivinini kanye Nokuphoqelela

A. Ukuqapha Isivinini

Amapayipi enjoloba, uma ehlanganiswe nezinzwa nama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi, angakala ngokunembile isivinini sezimoto ezidlulayo. Lezi zinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zisebenzisa isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze imoto ihambe phakathi kwamapayipi amabili noma ngaphezulu ukuze ibale isivinini sayo esimaphakathi. Lolu lwazi lusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotshelwa kwemikhawulo yesivinini, kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha emgwaqeni, kanye nokusiza izinhlaka zokuqinisa umthetho ukubamba abephula isivinini.

B. Ukulawula Isivinini Sendawo Yomsebenzi

Amapayipi erabha adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni isivinini esiphephile phakathi kwezindawo zokusebenza. Ngokusebenzisa uxhaxha lwamapayipi avunyelanisiwe, iziphathimandla zingathola noma iyiphi imoto eyeqa imikhawulo yejubane eshiwo ngaphambili. Lokhu kubangela izimpawu ezihlelekayo eziyisixwayiso, izibani ezikhanyayo, noma ngisho nokwehliswa kwesikhashana kwezilinganiso zejubane, kuqaphe ngenkuthalo izisebenzi zokwakha nabashayeli bezimoto ngokufanayo.

IV. I-Weigh-in-Motion Technology

A. Ukuqinisa Isisindo Esisebenzayo

Amasistimu we-Weigh-in-Motion (WIM), ngokuvamile asebenzisa amapayipi enjoloba, angamathuluzi amasha okuphoqelela imikhawulo yesisindo ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthi izimoto zime eziteshini zokukala. Njengoba izimoto zinqamula la mapayipi, izinzwa zikala umphumela wesisindo sazo, ukumiswa kwe-ekseli, nokusabalalisa umthwalo. Idatha eqoqwe ivumela iziphathimandla ukuthi zihlonze amaloli akhuluphele futhi zithathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokulawula. Ubuchwepheshe be-WIM buqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa komgwaqo ngokuphumelelayo, kunciphisa ukubambezeleka, futhi buvimbele umonakalo obangelwa izimoto ezigcwele ngokweqile.

B. Monitoring Bridge Integrity

Ezifundeni ezinamabhuloho akhawulelwe ngesisindo, amapayipi erabha asiza ekuqapheni uhlobo nokuhlonza izimoto ezingase zibe yingozi. Ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-WIM nezibalo zomthwalo webhuloho, iziphathimandla zingaqapha ingqalasizinda yebhuloho, zehlise izindleko zokulungisa, futhi zivimbele ukwehluleka okuyinhlekelele.

V. Ukufakwa Nokugcinwa

A. Ukubekwa Okufanelekile

Ukufaka amapayipi enjoloba kuwo wonke umgwaqo kuhlanganisa ukuhlela nokusetshenziswa kwamasu. Ochwepheshe banquma indawo ekahle, becabangela izici ezifana nomthamo wethrafikhi, imikhawulo yesivinini, nezimo zemvelo. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokufaka, kuthathwa ukunakekelwa okukhulu ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kwamapayipi nokuqinisekisa ukuqoqwa kwedatha okunembile.

B. Ukulinganisa Okujwayelekile Nokuhlola

Ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba, amapayipi enjoloba adinga ukulinganisa nokuhlolwa okuvamile. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwazo, ukuhlola ukuqondanisa, nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho bezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezihlobene. Ngokunamathela ezinqubweni ezifanele zokunakekela, iziphathimandla zingaqinisekisa ukuqoqwa kwedatha okuthembekile futhi zelule isikhathi sokuphila kwala mathuluzi abalulekile.

Isiphetho

Amapayipi enjoloba ngaphesheya komgwaqo angase abonakale engabonakali, kodwa enza imisebenzi ebalulekile buthule ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinhlelo zokuthutha nokugcina ukuphepha emgwaqeni. Kusukela ekuqaphelweni kwethrafikhi kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwesisindo ngisho nasekuhloleni ubuqotho bebhuloho, lawa mashubhu angenabugovu ayaqhubeka nokuguqula indlela yethu yokuhlela amadolobha kanye nokuphathwa kwengqalasizinda. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, amapayipi enjoloba ngokungangabazeki azodlala indima ebalulekile ekubumbeni inethiwekhi yezokuthutha ehlakaniphile nesebenza ngempumelelo esikhathini esizayo.